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Tuesday, January 4, 2011

Pali Texts Related to Various Subjects



There are Pali texts related to the various subjects. And they are very important not only for study but for authentic historical documents. Especially, Vamsakathas and Chronicles are developed in Sri Lanka from ancient period till present. And there are many Vamsakathas such as Dipavamsa, Mahavamsa, Thupavamsa and so on. Of them, Mahavamsa and Dipavamsa are related to history. Than, Mahavamsa is written in Pali and it deals with the history of asena. First part of Mahavamsa was written by Island from historical beginning up to the reign of king Mahasena and Ven.Mahanama. And the other parts had been compiled by various scholars time to time. Dipavamsa is the oldest historical record of Sri Lanka. The chronicle is believed to be compiled from Atthakatha the century. Together with Mahavamsa it is the source of many accounts of ancient history and other sources around the 3-4 of Sri Lanka and India. Its importance resides not only as source of history but as an important early work in Buddhist and

Pali literature. The author of Dipavamsa was unknown. It deals with the history of island from earliest times up to the reign of Mahasena.
Otherwise, there are two works in the Pali tradition concerning with the poetry and prosody. They are Vuttodaya and Subodhalankara. The poem is explained in the Subodhalankara how to decorate. The Vuttodaya explains various kinds of Chanda (Metra). In Vuttodaya, there are two kinds of metra: Vanna and Matta. In Vanna method, the letters are
counted. And more are counted in Matta method.
A poem and verse has particular numbers of letter in one line. Generally, the verse has four lines. In Vanna method, the letters are counted. In the Matta method, more are counted instead of letter. However, there applies long letter and short letter in this method. Normally, if there are short vowels sound or consonant, there will be short letters and long letters if there are long vowels sound and consonant. Though long letter has two Mattas and short has only one Matta.
Indeed, these letters are used as Gana (group) in Vanna method and particular Gana has three letters. There are eight Ganas: Ma, Ya, Ra, Sa, Ta, Ja, Bha and Na Gana. They are called groups in accordance with their respective signs. By using the methods mentioned in Vuttodaya, it can fill up the gap or missing parts of a verse precisely.
Likewise, Subodhalankara explains Guna (qualities), Dosa (fault) and alankara (ornament) of a poem. A poem should possess qualities and it should be devoid of faults. Actually, a verse or poem has ten Guna such as Pasada, Oja, Madhurasa etc. Again, there are three kinds of faults called Dosa related to words, sentence and meaning. Further more, there are 35-ornaments such as Upama and Rupaka etc. Indeed, all ornaments are divided into two factors: direct and indirect. Under these things, a poem or verse can be expressed by means of direct and indirect.
In conclusion, there are Jinacarita, Mahakassapatheracarita, Kaccayana, Rupasiddhi, Palinighandhu, Dhatumanjuri, Bhesajjamanusa and Manavulusandesa which are very important to Pali texts related to various subjects too.

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Tuesday, January 4, 2011

Pali Texts Related to Various Subjects



There are Pali texts related to the various subjects. And they are very important not only for study but for authentic historical documents. Especially, Vamsakathas and Chronicles are developed in Sri Lanka from ancient period till present. And there are many Vamsakathas such as Dipavamsa, Mahavamsa, Thupavamsa and so on. Of them, Mahavamsa and Dipavamsa are related to history. Than, Mahavamsa is written in Pali and it deals with the history of asena. First part of Mahavamsa was written by Island from historical beginning up to the reign of king Mahasena and Ven.Mahanama. And the other parts had been compiled by various scholars time to time. Dipavamsa is the oldest historical record of Sri Lanka. The chronicle is believed to be compiled from Atthakatha the century. Together with Mahavamsa it is the source of many accounts of ancient history and other sources around the 3-4 of Sri Lanka and India. Its importance resides not only as source of history but as an important early work in Buddhist and

Pali literature. The author of Dipavamsa was unknown. It deals with the history of island from earliest times up to the reign of Mahasena.
Otherwise, there are two works in the Pali tradition concerning with the poetry and prosody. They are Vuttodaya and Subodhalankara. The poem is explained in the Subodhalankara how to decorate. The Vuttodaya explains various kinds of Chanda (Metra). In Vuttodaya, there are two kinds of metra: Vanna and Matta. In Vanna method, the letters are
counted. And more are counted in Matta method.
A poem and verse has particular numbers of letter in one line. Generally, the verse has four lines. In Vanna method, the letters are counted. In the Matta method, more are counted instead of letter. However, there applies long letter and short letter in this method. Normally, if there are short vowels sound or consonant, there will be short letters and long letters if there are long vowels sound and consonant. Though long letter has two Mattas and short has only one Matta.
Indeed, these letters are used as Gana (group) in Vanna method and particular Gana has three letters. There are eight Ganas: Ma, Ya, Ra, Sa, Ta, Ja, Bha and Na Gana. They are called groups in accordance with their respective signs. By using the methods mentioned in Vuttodaya, it can fill up the gap or missing parts of a verse precisely.
Likewise, Subodhalankara explains Guna (qualities), Dosa (fault) and alankara (ornament) of a poem. A poem should possess qualities and it should be devoid of faults. Actually, a verse or poem has ten Guna such as Pasada, Oja, Madhurasa etc. Again, there are three kinds of faults called Dosa related to words, sentence and meaning. Further more, there are 35-ornaments such as Upama and Rupaka etc. Indeed, all ornaments are divided into two factors: direct and indirect. Under these things, a poem or verse can be expressed by means of direct and indirect.
In conclusion, there are Jinacarita, Mahakassapatheracarita, Kaccayana, Rupasiddhi, Palinighandhu, Dhatumanjuri, Bhesajjamanusa and Manavulusandesa which are very important to Pali texts related to various subjects too.

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We are discussion about Dhamma when we meet with us.

We are discussion about Dhamma when we meet with us.
We are going to discuss about the nature Dhamma as a being and the element of nature for the purification of the truth and Nibbana. We find out final goal and pinnacle way of reaching Nibbana.

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